Wiley 978-0-470-10949-6 Datasheet

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What Is Ajax?
From 2001 to 2005, the World Wide Web went through a tremendous growth spurt in terms of the
technologies and methodologies being used to bring this once-static medium to life. Online
brochures and catalogs no longer dominated the Internet as web applications began to emerge as a
significant portion of online destinations. Web applications differed from their web site ancestors
in that they provided an instant service to their users, not just information. Whether for business
process management or personal interests, developers were forced to create new interaction
paradigms as users came to expect richer functionality.
Spurred on by little-known and lesser-used technologies that had been included in web browsers
for some time, the Web took a bold step forward, shattering the traditional usage model that
required a full page load every time new data or a new part of the application’s logic was
accessed. Companies began to experiment with dynamic reloading of portions of web pages,
transmitting only a small amount of data to the client, resulting in a faster, and arguably better,
user experience.
At the forefront of this movement was Google. After the search giant went public, new experi-
ments conducted by Google engineers began popping up through a special part of the site called
Google Labs (
labs.google.com). Many of the projects at Google Labs, such as Google Suggest
and Google Maps, involved only a single web page that was never unloaded but was constantly
updated nevertheless. These innovations, which began to bring the affordances of desktop soft-
ware interfaces into the confines of the browser, were praised around the Web as ushering in a
new age in web development. And indeed they did.
Numerous open source and commercial products began development to take advantage of this
new web application model. These projects explained their technology using a variety of terms
such as JavaScript remoting, web remote procedure calls, and dynamic updating. Soon, however, a
new term would emerge.
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Summary of Contents

Page 1 - COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL

What Is Ajax?From 2001 to 2005, the World Wide Web went through a tremendous growth spurt in terms of thetechnologies and methodologies being used to

Page 2 - The Evolution of the Web

Figure 1-4A9Amazon.com is world famous for being an online marketplace for just about anything, but when itreleased a search engine, it did so with li

Page 3 - Dynamic HTML and the DOM

Figure 1-5Yahoo! NewsAlso introduced in 2005 was a new design for the Yahoo! News site (news.yahoo.com). The new designfeatures an interesting enhance

Page 4

Figure 1-6Bitflux BlogAnother great example of using Ajax only as an enhancement is Bitflux Blog (blog.bitflux.ch), whichfeatures a technology called

Page 5 - The Real Ajax

Figure 1-7Confusion and ControversyDespite the popularity of the term Ajax, it has been met with its fair share of dissenters and controversy.Some bel

Page 6 - Technologies behind Ajax

Others have spent a significant amount of time dissecting Garrett’s article and disproving severalassumptions that he makes. For instance, the article

Page 7 - Who Is Using Ajax?

SummaryThis chapter introduced you to the basic premise of Ajax. Short for Asynchronous JavaScript + XML, theterm Ajax was coined by Jesse James Garre

Page 8

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Page 9 - Google Maps

Ajax Is BornIn February 2005, Jesse James Garrett of Adaptive Path, LLC published an online article entitled, “Ajax:A New Approach to Web Applications

Page 10 - Chapter 1

tasks such as data validation, it became possible to transfer this small bit of processing to the browser.This ability was very important at a time wh

Page 11 - Yahoo! News

DHTML never made it to a standards body, although Microsoft’s influence would be felt strongly withthe introduction of the Document Object Model (DOM)

Page 12 - Bitflux Blog

The Real AjaxDespite the frequently asked questions attached to the end of Garrett’s essay, some confusion still existsas to what Ajax really is. Put

Page 13 - Confusion and Controversy

Ajax PrinciplesAs a new web application model, Ajax is still in its infancy. However, several web developers have takenthis new development as a chall

Page 14 - Ajax and Web 2.0

❑ DOM: Dynamic updating of a loaded page❑ XML: Data exchange format❑ XSLT: Transforms XML into XHTML (styled by CSS)❑ XMLHttp: Primary communication b

Page 15 - What Is Ajax?

Figure 1-2GmailGmail, Google’s free e-mail service, has been raved about as a marvel of client-server interaction in theage of Ajax. When you first lo

Page 16

Figure 1-3 Google MapsAnother part of Google’s dominant Ajax web applications is Google Maps (maps.google.com).Designed to compete with well-establish

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