Wiley 978-0-470-09774-8 Datasheet download pdf

Rewriting the Web

Over the past few years, the Web has seen dramatic growth— both in the actual number of users

and in the sheer volume of information available to them. As more and more people start making

use of the Web, more web sites appear. The volume of available information is overwhelming —

and more importantly, the number of ways in which people wish to use the information available

to them is increasing rapidly.

Service providers have come to realize that they simply cannot keep up with demand — they can-

not hope to satisfy all of the people all of the time. The audience out there is so large and diverse

that it is no longer possible to build all the systems their customers desire. Realizing this, some

service providers have addressed the problem in a rather innovative way— instead of closely

guarding their corporate data and systems, they have taken the bold step of opening them up to

the world. Now, if the service you desire isn’t available, the tools are there to take an existing ser-

vice and enhance it yourself. The distinction between service provider and service consumer is

blurring. Consumers are taking control of what they see and sometimes even becoming providers

themselves. Companies like Google, Yahoo!, Amazon.com, and Flickr are among the first to

embrace this new, open Internet, but where they tread, others will surely follow. This first chapter

takes a brief wander through some of the different technologies that have made this shift possible.

Web 2.0: Power to the People

Web 2.0 is the new, open Internet — the latest, and indeed greatest, incarnation of the World Wide

Web. But what does Web 2.0 actually mean? The version number suggests a new iteration of tech-

nology, a new software release, but Web 2.0 isn’t actually a technological advancement. There is

no new technology involved — all those Web 2.0 systems that you hear people talking could have

been built several years ago. So what has changed?

The change has been a social one. At the core of Web 2.0 is the idea of collaboration, the common

thread across Web 2.0 systems being the online sharing of information and the networking of

human beings as well as computers. In the world of Web 2.0, web sites are no longer stand-alone

entities. Instead of simply displaying their wares to passing visitors, they become data centers—

feeding information to other applications on the web. The information is not only shared, it is

enriched. Users of shared data are encouraged to add to it, to annotate it. They identify points of

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COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL

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Summary of Contents

Page 1 - COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL

1Rewriting the WebOver the past few years, the Web has seen dramatic growth— both in the actual number of usersand in the sheer volume of information

Page 2 - What Makes a Mashable System?

In the <head> section of the page, a JavaScript function is defined, showAnswer(). This function usesthe DOM method getElementById() to find the

Page 3 - Mashup Architectures

Objects are defined in JSON like this:{“title” : “Flickr Mashups”, “author” : “David Wilkinson”,“isbn” : “0470097744”}Each object is surrounded by bra

Page 4 - Mashing on the Server

You can find out more about JSON at http://www.json.org.Web Servers and HTTPThe key piece of software behind any web-based system is the one that is o

Page 5 - Request Data

The Host header is used to specify the name of the host machine on which the client is trying to access aresource. At first glance, that seems a somew

Page 6

Web BrowsersThe web browser is, in many ways, the companion to the web server. It is the software that handles theclient side of an HTTP transaction.

Page 7 - XML and XPath

</head><body><h1>Question</h1><p>What is the answer to the sum <code>2 + 2</code>?</p><h2>Answer

Page 8

The ^ character at the start of the pattern means that only strings that begin with the word Flickr willbe matched. In the three sample strings, only

Page 9 - JavaScript and DOM

Regular expressions are a very powerful tool, and there’s much more to them than can be covered in abrief introduction such as this. You’ll be using t

Page 10

see, however, that the whole of the request is found in the URL. One of the big advantages of usingREST is that you can try things out simply by typin

Page 11 - Chapter 1: Rewriting the Web

<?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”utf-8” ?><methodCall><methodName>flickr.photos.search</methodName><params><param><

Page 12 - Web Servers and HTTP

interest on Google Maps, add tags to photos on Flickr, and write book reviews on Amazon.com. Usershelp identify connections between pieces of data — t

Page 13

CurlEarlier on in this chapter, you saw how easy it was to send a REST-style query to a web server — you cansimply type it into the address bar of you

Page 14 - PHP and Perl

On Flickr, and some other systems, the matter is slightly more complicated. The content made availableby Flickr isn’t typically owned by Flickr itself

Page 15 - Regular Expressions

even need a web server of your own at all. The downside, however, is clear — you are completely depen-dent on the end user to be using a computer capa

Page 16

Figure 1-2The creation of server-side mashups can be a little more complicated— you need to set up and configureall the elements you need on a server

Page 17

XHTML, or Extensible Hypertext Markup Language, is a variant of HTML represented as XML (discussedlater) and is the successor to HTML, which it is now

Page 18

background-color: #FF33FF;font-family: Arial;font-size: 14pt;}h1 {color: #0000FF;font-family: Times New Roman;font-size: 24pt; }When you consider t

Page 19 - Databases

<book><title>Amazon.com Mashups</title><author>Francis Shanahan</author><isbn>0470097779</isbn></book>

Page 20

In this book we only scratch the surface of XPath’s capabilities, but if you want to learn how to buildmore complex XPath expressions, you can read mo

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Wiley 978-0-470-09774-8 Datasheet

Browse online or download Datasheet for Software manuals Wiley 978-0-470-09774-8. Wiley Flickr Mashups User Manual

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