Wiley 978-0-471-76321-5 Datasheet

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Chapter 4
109
GET THE SCOOP ON...
Simple calculations and quick answers
Cell references
Writing formulas
Moving and copying formulas
Linking workbooks with formulas
Cell names
Editing
formulas
Auditing formulas
Locating worksheet errors
Working Data Magic
with Calculations
O
nce data is entered in a workbook, you’re ready to
perform calculations on it (after all, calculations are
why Excel exists). To perform calculations in a work-
sheet, you write formulas; to perform complex calcula-
tions, you use functions in your formulas (functions are
built-in mathematical equations that save you time and
effort, and are covered in Chapter 5).
This chapter is full of basic calculation information: get-
ting fast answers without formulas, writing your own for-
mulas, using cell references and cell names for better
calculation control, and fixing errors. It could just as well
have been titled “Calculations 101.”
Simple calculations, quick answers
To get really quick answers without writing a formula your-
self, you have two options: AutoCalculate, which calculates
cells in the worksheet temporarily but doesn’t write formu-
las; and AutoSum, which writes very simple formulas in the
worksheet very quickly.
AutoCalculate
AutoCalculate is a handy tool that I use often to calculate
cells on the fly while I work. The AutoCalculate box is near
the right end of the Excel Status bar, shown in Figure 4.1.
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Summary of Contents

Page 1 - Chapter 4

Chapter 4109GET THE SCOOP ON...Simple calculations and quick answers Cell references Writing formulas Moving and copying formulas Linking workbook

Page 2 - GETTING THE DATA IN

118PART II GETTING THE DATA INcell because of the relative references. The advantages and disadvantagesof using relative references become clear when

Page 3

119CHAPTER 4 WORKING DATA MAGIC WITH CALCULATIONSFigure 4.13. Moving and copying cells with relative referencesRelative references, on the other hand

Page 4 - Use the calculator

120PART II GETTING THE DATA INdouble-click the Fill handle, the formula or cell entry is filled all the waydown the column until there’s no entry in

Page 5 - About cell references

121CHAPTER 4 WORKING DATA MAGIC WITH CALCULATIONSTo write a formula that includes a cell on another worksheet, click thesheet tab and click the cell

Page 6 - Cell reference types

122PART II GETTING THE DATA INThe workbook with the formula is called a dependent workbook,because it depends on input from other workbooks. The inpu

Page 7 - Changing reference types

123CHAPTER 4 WORKING DATA MAGIC WITH CALCULATIONSNo matter what method you use to name cells, names must follow cer-tain rules: Names must start with

Page 8 - Writing formulas

124PART II GETTING THE DATA INThe Create Names dialog boxIf the names you want to use are already headings in a table or labels forspecific cells (su

Page 9 - Simple formulas

125CHAPTER 4 WORKING DATA MAGIC WITH CALCULATIONSFigure 4.19. The Define Name dialog boxWhy would you want to define a tax rate in a named constant v

Page 10 - Moving and copying formulas

126PART II GETTING THE DATA INTo use a named formula in a cell, type = and the formula name (asshown in Figure 4.21). If the formula is complex and y

Page 11 - Copy with AutoFill

127CHAPTER 4 WORKING DATA MAGIC WITH CALCULATIONSa workbook with lots of formulas and 85 named ranges, many of themduplicates! (I had to do that for

Page 12 - Formulas that link worksheets

110PART II GETTING THE DATA INFigure 4.1. AutoCalculate is always at work. All you need to do is select two or more cells.To use AutoCalculate, selec

Page 13 - Formulas that link workbooks

128PART II GETTING THE DATA INYou can type defined names in formulas as you write them, or in theFunction Arguments dialog box (covered in Chapter 5)

Page 14 - Using cell names

129CHAPTER 4 WORKING DATA MAGIC WITH CALCULATIONS(as many cells as you like, including cells that don’t contain formulas),and choose InsertNameAppl

Page 15 - The Name box

130PART II GETTING THE DATA INEditing formulasYou can easily change a formula in any way (function, arithmetic operators,referenced cells, or constan

Page 16 - The Define Name dialog box

131CHAPTER 4 WORKING DATA MAGIC WITH CALCULATIONSTracing a formulaIn some worksheets, formulas reference other formulas that referencestill other for

Page 17 - CHAPTER 4

132PART II GETTING THE DATA INFigure 4.27. Tracing a formulaLocating worksheet errorsErrors and invalid data seem to sneak into even the most scrupul

Page 18 - Delete names

133CHAPTER 4 WORKING DATA MAGIC WITH CALCULATIONSTable 4.2. Error valuesThis error Usually means this To fix it, do this##### The column isn’t wide e

Page 19 - Using names in formulas

134PART II GETTING THE DATA INFigure 4.28. The Formula Auditing toolbarIf a perceived error is located, the Error Checking dialog box appearsand tell

Page 20 - Apply names

135CHAPTER 4 WORKING DATA MAGIC WITH CALCULATIONSFigure 4.29. Circling invalid data in a data-validation rangeIf data validation was not set up befor

Page 21 - Named ranges and apply names

136PART II GETTING THE DATA IN Edit formulas by double-clicking to edit in the cell, or clicking toedit in the Formula bar. Locate errors and invalid

Page 22 - Editing formulas

111CHAPTER 4 WORKING DATA MAGIC WITH CALCULATIONSAutoSumTo enter a formula in the worksheet that calculates a group of numberswithout actually writin

Page 23 - Tracing a formula

112PART II GETTING THE DATA INSum is the function most people want to use with AutoSum (and it’sthe function most people use in a workbook), so the d

Page 24 - Locating worksheet errors

113CHAPTER 4 WORKING DATA MAGIC WITH CALCULATIONSYou can open the calculator from an Excel toolbar button. Right-clickin the toolbar area, click Cust

Page 25 - Locating errors in formulas

114PART II GETTING THE DATA INWhen you write formulas that include cells, the cells in the formulaare identified by their references. For example, in

Page 26

115CHAPTER 4 WORKING DATA MAGIC WITH CALCULATIONSFor any cell, there is only one reference but four reference types: rela-tive, absolute, and two mix

Page 27 - Just the facts

116PART II GETTING THE DATA INFigure 4.11. Open the cell, click in the reference (in the cell or in the Formula bar), press F4 to cycle, and press En

Page 28 - Auditing toolbar

117CHAPTER 4 WORKING DATA MAGIC WITH CALCULATIONSAll formulas can calculate cells in the same worksheet, on differentworksheets, and even in differen

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