Wiley 978-0-7645-7399-6 Datasheet

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1
The Mac OS X Environment
Welcome to the wonderful world of Mac OS X, the next-generation operating system from Apple
Computer!
The Mac OS X operating system powers modern Macintosh computers. After many long years
and a few scrapped attempts to modernize the older Mac OS operating system, Apple released
Mac OS X in April of 2001. Since then, Apple has released a steady stream of upgrades and system
updates. This book was written around Mac OS X version 10.4, “Tiger,” the latest version.
In order to write software for Mac OS X, you need to know your way around the system. By
now you may already be familiar with Mac OS X’s applications and user interface style. Those
things all rest on top of a number of subsystems and services that make up the Mac OS X operat-
ing system.
In this chapter you learn
How the Mac OS X operating system is structured, including what the major areas of the
system are and how they work together
How to use Mac OS X’s command-line interface
How applications take advantage of the operating system services on Mac OS X
How Apple encourages a common look and feel for Mac OS X applications
Introducing the Mac OS X
What comes to mind when you think of Mac OS X? Is it the applications you use? Perhaps you
recall Mac OS X’s distinctive user interface? Or maybe you think of Mac OS X’s stability? In truth,
Mac OS X embodies all these things.
The Mac OS X operating system is often described as a collection of layers, as seen in Figure 1-1.
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COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL
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Summary of Contents

Page 1 - COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL

1The Mac OS X EnvironmentWelcome to the wonderful world of Mac OS X, the next-generation operating system from AppleComputer!The Mac OS X operating sy

Page 2

Figure 1-4Mac OS X provides a rich graphics library for doing two-dimensional drawing, called Quartz 2D. TheQuartz 2D library is specific to Mac OS X,

Page 3

The Quartz Compositor was designed with modern best practices for graphics in mind. For example, thedrawing coordinate space uses floating-point value

Page 4 - The Core Operating System

Quartz 2DThe Quartz 2D graphic library is Mac OS X’s native graphics library. It is responsible for all the two-dimensional drawing performed by Mac O

Page 5

QuickTimeApple Computer invented QuickTime back in 1991 as a way to describe, author, and play back video onMacintosh computers running System 6 and S

Page 6 - The System Library

Figure 1-6Each of these application frameworks is appropriate in different situations. In addition, these applicationframeworks are not mutually exclu

Page 7 - Unix Commands

that made transitioning to a new core operating system impossible. In 1998, Apple set out to revise thetraditional Mac OS API and eliminate these prob

Page 8

focus on commonly available technologies and concepts. It is difficult to gain access to features unique toMac OS X, such as the power of CoreGraphics

Page 9 - Graphics and Media Layers

The information in the Apple Human Interface Guidelines is quite extensive. It covers all the user inter-face elements available within Mac OS X, such

Page 10 - The Quartz Compositor

Exercises1. The apropos command returns a list of manual pages that match one or more keywords. Tryentering the following commands into Terminal:a. ap

Page 11 - The Mac OS X Environment

Figure 1-1You are probably already familiar with the topmost layer: the applications that run on Mac OS X (likeMail, iTunes, Safari, and so on). These

Page 12 - Quartz 2D

Figure 1-25. Export a slide show as a QuickTime movie by choosing File ➪ Export. Slide Master writes out aQuickTime movie and opens it with QuickTime

Page 13 - Application Frameworks and UI

QuickTime movies. But QuickTime also makes most, if not all, of its functionality available to applica-tions through its framework interface.When you

Page 14 - Chapter 1

Although there are places where this old convention still exists, Mac OS X mostly uses Unix’s methodof describing file paths: a series of directories

Page 15 - Java JDK

The KernelThe heart of a Unix operating system is its kernel. The kernel is the program that loads when the com-puter is first turned on and is respon

Page 16

The system library takes the form of a dynamic library installed as /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib.Mac OS X also includes a framework called System.framew

Page 17

5. You can display more information about the files in your home directory by passing additionalarguments, called flags, into ls. By using ls –l, you

Page 18 - Exercises

If no operands are given, the contents of the current directory are dis-played. If more than one operand is given, non-directory operands aredisplaye

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