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SQL Server 2005
Architecture
The days of SQL Server being a departmental database are long gone, and SQL Server can now
easily scale to databases dozens of terabytes in size. In this chapter, we lay some of the ground-
work that will be used throughout the book. We first discuss how the role of the DBA has changed
since some of the earlier releases of SQL Server and then quickly jump into architecture and tools
available to you as an administrator. This chapter is not a deep dive into the architecture but pro-
vides enough information to give you an understanding of how SQL Server operates.
Growing Role of a DBA
The role of the database administrator (DBA) has been changing slowly over the past few versions
of the SQL Server product. In SQL Server 2005, this slow transition of the DBA role has been accel-
erated immensely. Traditionally, a DBA would fit into one of two roles: development or adminis-
tration. It’s much tougher to draw a line now between DBA roles in SQL Server 2005. As lines blur
and morph, DBAs have to quickly prepare themselves to take on different roles. If you don’t posi-
tion yourself to be more versatile, you may be destined for a career of watching SQL Server alerts
and backups.
Production DBA
Production DBAs fall into the traditional role of a DBA. They are a company’s insurance policy
that the production database won’t go down. If the database does go down, the company cashes
in its insurance policy in exchange for a recovered database. The Production DBA also ensures
the server is performing optimally and promotes database changes from development to QA to
production.
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COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL
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Summary of Contents

Page 1 - COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL

SQL Server 2005ArchitectureThe days of SQL Server being a departmental database are long gone, and SQL Server can noweasily scale to databases dozens

Page 2 - Development DBA

SELECT o.name AS ObjectName,c.name AS ColumnName,TYPE_NAME(c.user_type_id) as DataTypeFROM sys.objects o JOIN sys.columns cON o.object_id = c.ob

Page 3 - Business Intelligence DBA

Data Type Stores Storage SpaceBit 0 or 1 1 byteTinyint Whole numbers from 0 to 255 1 bytesSmallint Whole numbers from –32,768 to 32,767 2 bytesInt Who

Page 4 - SQL Server Architecture

inserted. To get only the date out of a datetime data type, you must essentially “fool” the data type byconverting it:SELECT CONVERT(varchar, GetDate(

Page 5 - SQL Native Client

Edition of SQL Server allows you to have high-availability options, Enterprise Edition far outdoes itssister edition with higher-end clustering as wel

Page 6 - System Databases

Database Features by EditionThe main benefit from one edition of SQL Server to the next are the features enabled. In the following setof grids, you ca

Page 7

Feature SQL Express Workgroup Standard EnterpriseReport Subscriptions ✓✓Data-Drive Subscriptions ✓Report Builder ✓✓✓Report Manager ✓✓✓Infinite Drill-d

Page 8 - Dynamic Management Views

LicensingEvery DBA has probably received a dreaded licensing question or two, and we hope to answer some ofthose common questions in this section. The

Page 9 - SQL Server 2005 Data Types

SummaryIn this chapter, we covered the basic architecture for how SQL Server stores its data and how it commu-nicates. We also addressed the various d

Page 10 - Chapter 1

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Page 11 - SQL Server 2005 Architecture

Since SQL Server 2000, there has been a trend away from full-time Production DBAs, and the role hasmerged with that of the Development DBA. The trend

Page 12 - Editions of SQL Server

Business Intelligence DBAThe Business Intelligence (BI) DBA is a new role that has grown due to the increased surface area of SQLServer. In SQL Server

Page 13 - Operating System

Industry TrendsWe’ll get into the SQL Server 2005 features momentarily, but you’ll notice a trend as you begin to see thelist. Feature after feature w

Page 14 - Database Features by Edition

The transaction log’s most important purpose is to serve as an exact point in time in case you need torecover your database. Each data-modifying trans

Page 15

System DatabasesThe system databases in SQL Server are crucial, and you should leave them alone most of the time. Theonly exception to that rule is th

Page 16 - Licensing

just holds the schema and stored procedures needed to run your instance. You should always back upthe master database after creating a new database, a

Page 17

dbo schema is called dbo.Employee. This table would be different from HumanResource.Employee, if youhad that table in the database. It is a best pract

Page 18

SELECT login_name, COUNT(session_id) as NumberSessionsFROM sys.dm_exec_sessions GROUP BY login_nameIn fact, DMVs are also sometimes functions and acce

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